kumpulan fabel inggris

Luminesce Firefly

In a small forest, there was a firefly were lived a pair with his mother. His name is Patrick, he is a weak firefly who has no luminescent of him. Mother said to him that he is different to others. He can not fly and has no luminescent since he was born. They were live until Patrick grows to be teenagers. The bad things are he has no friends and can not fly happily in the air like others.

He was sad to mother and locked his room for a whole day. Mother was worried about what is going on him.

“Patrick, why you are not going out from your room and take a meal for a while?” “Are you sick?” Mothers knocked his door and try to pursue him out from the room. “I will put the meal out of your door, so you can take it when you want. Patrick was unable to say “Yes I will mom” his mouth was locked and his heart was too ego to kick out the bad things run on his mind.

He just take the meal when the days gone to be midnight. “I don’t want to come out the room you know mom, till you were die !” “This is my worse life! I am just flawed boy! No one cares me!” He said when mothers try a thousand time to make him out from his room.

The condition were going bad. It is a year since he locked himself in his room. “Dear, I was sick. I got flu and terrible cough, please go outside. I am sorry for make you born in worse condition. In deformity, and no one want to be your friend. I just want to let you know that I love you as Mom and friends.”

Patrick still don’t want to talked to. He just covered his face with blanked and seems frustrated.

Day by day run. In the next week, mom never gave him a meal again. “It is strange, why mom didn’t give me meal for three days?’ I can’t hear her anything!”

He was so hungry, and this condition makes him want to go out from his room. So unexpectedly and dramatic, he caught his mom dead with a letter on her hand.

Nyi Roro Kidul

Once Upon A Time, there was a beautiful woman named  Kadita. Because of her beauty, she is often called the Dewi Srengenge, which means that the sun was shining brightly. Kadita is the daughter of King Munding Wangi. Although Kadita has a very pretty face, the king was upset because he did not have a son who could be prepared to be the next king.

After that, the king decided to marry the Dewi Mutiara, and born baby boy. However, after getting a lot of attention, Dewi Mutiara started asking a lot of demands, such as ensuring that their children will be people who will replace the king and the Kadita should be expelled from the palace. The first demand is met, but the king did not want to drive out the Kadita. Knowing the answer to the king, Dewi Mutiara sweet smile, so the king’s anger slowly disappearing. But, she has a grudge in his heart.

The next morning, Dewi Mutiara ask witch. His name Jahil. He ordered Jahil to send witchcraft to the Kadita. Ignorant receiving orders. When  Kadita was sleeping tight, the wind came into her room. The fetid wind, like a carcass. When  Kadita woke up, she was surprised that the full body got ulcers.

The news came to the ears of King Munding Wangi. He’s really sad. He knew that the  Kadita not not in keadaam common pain but it is a magic. He considers that the planned Dewi Mutiara. However, it is difficult to prove. He had to take a decision in poor condition. He wondered what he should do to  Kadita. Due to the insistence of counsel, his daughter should be thrown away so as not to be a disgrace.

Then,  Kadita go alone like a beggar who was expelled from the house of the rich. Her heart broke into pieces. She sobbed. But, she still believed that God would not let him be mocked by others. God’s help will come soon.

One night, she runs and it was the seventh night he went through until he arrived at the coast of the southern sea. She stood up and saw the extent of sea south coast and she seemed to hear a voice that told him to get closer to the sea. Kadita followed the sound and she hit the water, his body recovered. He became a beautiful woman as before. Not only that, she will set the sea and build a great and wonderful empire. Now, she is referred to as the Queen of the South Seas or Nyi Roro Kidul.

An Untruthful Elephant

In a country, lived a pair of elephants who love each other. They were Shawn and Honey. They had been living together since 2 years ago and had two children. Their first child was Andy and their second child was Danny. Danny was the elephant that often lied and he was always scolded by his parents because of the lies that he often did.

While their older child, Andy was an elephant who was very honest and made the parents were so proud. However, although his parents were proud of him, he was not arrogant, so all the elephants liked him. All those conditions made Danny jealous and did not like his brother. But, he had not made ​​him changed and he became more and more lying frequently. He was never to be deterrent even though often punished by his parents.

Meanwhile, his brother, Andy was never bored and stopped to advise him. However, all of the advice and the punishment he received was never made ​​him wary. A lie that often done by him was screaming near the river so that someone else thinks he was drowning. In fact, he only intended to pretend and lied.

One day, he wanted to drink the water in the river which was deep enough. Because he was so thirsty, he did not pay attention to the depth of the river and immediately stuck his trunk into the water. The surfaces that were near the river were so slippery but he did not pay attention. Suddenly, Danny slipped and he plunged into the river. There was no elephant that was near river because they were all in the pasture which was far enough away from the river. He then yelled very loudly and asked for help to all the elephants.

The elephants heard it, but he often lied, so that the elephants on the pasture ignored his scream. In fact, his parents did not pay attention because they thought he was lying. However, his brother was curious and wanted to see whether Danny was lying or not. When the brother reached the river, he saw that Danny was not lying and Danny almost drowned.

Andy immediately saved Danny and took him out on the pasture to be treated. The elephants in the meadow shocked and immediately huddled beside him. A few minutes later, he woke up and he promised never to lie again.

A Kind Rabbit

Rabbit is an animal that is very funny and has a smooth hair and very beautiful. However, there was a rabbit that was so different in this story, because she had a rough and a dirty hair. Although she frequently cleaned it, her hair was dirty again easily.

She was miserable and lived alone. She lived near the river and separated from the others because no one else would make her as friend. When she passed a group of rabbits, no one approached her or just to say hello. However, they even taunted and threw dirt on her. But she was never angry and kept to be steadfast in facing those humiliations. She believed that someday the goodness would surely come to her.

One day, there was a handsome rabbit who became a wanderer. He was being hurt by tree branch that punctured her stomach. She saw it and help immediately. She brought the wanderer into her home to take care him with a traditional medicine. The wanderer initially felt disgusted with her because the bad smelling and her dirty. But the disgust was lost and the wanderer was amazed and very grateful to her because of the treatment.

The rabbit was so excited because the wanderer had recovered. She was asked by the wanderer, the wanderers said “Excuse me, why your hair is rough and dirty?” She replied, “It is a disease that I have and so far, I have not found the right medication, yet”. Then, she was asked by the wanderer to follow him and visit a kingdom. In that kingdom, there was a doctor who could cure all ills. She agreed and went with wanderer. Several days later, they managed to meet the physician and she was successfully cured. Apparently, after she recovered, she became very beautiful and made the wanderer felt in love. They married and lived happily.

The Arrogant Tree

In a forest, there is a tree that was so big and so beautiful. However, the trees were so arrogant because not all of the animals were allowed to stay on a branch and perch that he had. One day, there was a beautiful white bird that wanted to perch on her branch. The bird asked, “Could I stay on your branch?” The tree replied “Of course you can, because you are a very pretty bird”. The beautiful bird perched on a branch and then stayed for a long time on the tree.

On the next week, the tree saw a sick rabbit with the falling out of hair. The rabbit was so exhausted from walking because he wanted to meet the physicians in the forest edge. He saw the rabbit and he knew that the rabbit was being sick because the face was pale and the hair was falling out. However, he was reluctant to offer a help to the rabbit because he was disgusted with the disease.

Because of so tired, the rabbit asked permission from him to take the shelter and a rest for a moment near his roots. However, he did not allow it for fear of contracting the disease of the rabbit. He snapped the rabbit and told him to get out and went away from him. The rabbit continued to beg in order to have a rest even though only a few minutes. He still did not allow the rabbits and even getting snapped.

The rabbit felt so humiliated and prayed to God that purpose to the punishment for the tree in accordance with his behavior. When the rabbit prayed, he was laughing and said that the rabbits did the silly things.

Rabbit prayer was granted by God and the beautiful tree immediately attacked caterpillars. Gradually, the leaves which were owned by the tree were falling out and the flowers withered. He was not the beautiful tree anymore and just being a rod that would die soon. After being withered, he continued to pray to God and being so kind to others. He has repented and promised not to repeat the cavalier attitude that he had before. Then, God forgave him and sent the golden woodpecker to eat the caterpillars which were present throughout the body. After cleaning the caterpillars on his body, the tree turned back into a very beautiful tree.

He kept his promise for not bragging and keeping to help others. Currently, he was liked by all the residents of the forest and he lived happily.

A Greedy Deer

A deer and an elk were on the edge of the forest. They were very hungry and looking for the fruits. Apparently, there were no fruits that they could pick because at the edge of the forest there were only a few trees. A few minutes later, the deer asked the elk to go into the forest and took the foods, because there were big trees that always had so many fruits.

When they were in the forest, they found a lot of trees with heavy fruits. However, the fruit have not been ripe yet, so it could not be consumed. The deer were very hungry so he asked the elk to eat without worry. The elk refused and forbade the deer to consume the raw fruit. The elk said that the raw fruit could cause stomach ache.

Nevertheless, he still ate those raw fruit and ignored the advice from the elk. He thought that the fruit was a healthy meal even though it was still raw. He consumed all of the raw fruits and after that he felt very satisfied.

Suddenly, the monkey and the giraffe come with many fruits that were ripe and tasted so sweet. They said that there were no ripe fruits in this forest, so they looked for the food in another forest. The deer and the elk were very happy because they were given the delicious food by monkey and giraffe. However, when the deer wanted to eat the fruits, he felt the soreness in his stomach.

He said “Owh, my stomach is so hurt, my stomach is hurt”. Then the elk replied “you have stomach ache because you did not obey my advice, you continued to eat the raw fruit while I have warned you not to eat it”.

The deer finally eat a very bitter medicine to stop the pain, meanwhile, the elk, the monkey, and the giraffe ate the delicious food together.

The Freedom of Ants

Ants are very small animals and often got the oppression by the animals which are greater than them. One of the animals that colonize the ants was grasshoppers. Every day they ordered the ants to find food and collect it. When the food was collected, then a locust took the food and put it in the nest. Every day the ants were given the job and had to work without stopping.

Many ants had died because of the exhaustion at work and that condition always continued. In the ants’ colony, there were two ants which were very brave and always plotted a rebellion. The two ants named Riandi and Anggara. They invited others to subvert the power possessed by the locusts. However, no ant dared to unite and overthrew the power of locusts. Most ants thought that the condition was a destiny and a willing of God which should be received.

Riandi and Anggara never gave up and kept trying to get a lot of members in order to destroy the colony owned by the locusts. One day, the king’s son died because of running the food out. Each food was given entirely to the locust, so the young king died by starvation. This happening realized the ants that they had to fight and led their own nation.

Anggara Riandi and serve as the leader of the rebellion. Ant Riandi is very expert in making weapons while Anggara is an expert in creating ant war strategy. Several weeks later, Riandi has managed to make hundreds of weapons without being noticed by the locusts. Meanwhile, Anggara and all ants have agreed that they will attack the headquarters of the grasshopper when the evening. Before the army ants supplied by arms, they soon moved to the headquarters of locusts through existing tunnels underground.

When they arrived, Anggara immediately gave orders for the ants were divided into 10 groups and dispersed to every corner. They then came out of the tunnel through the holes dug. After all the soldiers out of the tunnel, then they fired weapons into the bodies of each grasshopper. In less than ten seconds, many locusts are dying due to exposure to the toxins produced by these weapons. The attack carried out continuously for one night, and the next day, the ants have won the fight. They returned home with a sense of joy because it had been free from colonization by locusts. Meanwhile, Riandi and Anggara appointed as the new king. Ants lived happily and peacefully because of their brave.

Kancil and crocodile story
(Favourite Stories from Indonesia)

Kancil, the small but clever mousedeer, had many enemies in the forest. Fortunately, he was quick-witted, so that every time his life was threatened, he managed to escape.

One of his greatest enemies was Crocodile, who lived in the river that bordered the forest. Many times Crocodile had tried to capture the small mousedeer. Crocodile was big, but he was not very clever. Kancil was able to trick him every time.

One day it was very hot. There was no wind at all to refresh the thirsty plants and trees of the forest. It was in the middle of the dry season. For many weeks no rain had fallen so that the little creeks where the small animals used to drink had dried up. Kancil was walking alone in the forest; he was very thirsty. He had walked a long way; looking for a brook where he could quench his thirst, but he had found only dry mud in the once gay rippling brooks. It was very quiet in the forest. All the animals seemed to sleep. Even the birds did not sing in the trees. Kancil finally decided to go to the river that bordered the forest. Usually he avoided going there as he knew that Crocodile was always on the look-out for him, waiting for an opportunity to catch him.

When he arrived at the river. Kancil looked cautiously around him. There was no body to be seen. The clear river water mirrored blidingly the rays of the sun. step by step Kancil approached the water. His sharp eyes looked right and left; his pointed ears strained to catch the slightest sound. But no danger seemed to threaten him this time. Relieved, he bent his head to enjoy the cool water. Suddenly, his glance fell upon an object that was floating not far away from where he stood. It was a blackish thing. It looked like a fallen branch ………. Or, like the back of crocodile! Kancil jumped back, surprised and thoughtful. But he was also very thirsty. How could he possibly know whether the thing there in the river was really a log or a crocodile? Then he smiled a little as he  hit upon an idea. In a clear voice he shouted, “ Hey! There, you who are in the river. If you are crocodile, don’t answer me, but if you are only a long of wood, tell me your name!”

Now it was really Crocodile who was floating in the river. He had seen Kancil approaching and he was waiting for him to bend his head to drink. At the very moment when Kancil did not look. Crocodile would catch him. Without thinking any further, Crocodile answered Kancil in his gruff voice, “Don’t be afraid, I’m only a harmless log!”

Immediately, Kancil ran away as fast as his leg could carry him, while shouting over his shoulder, “O, stupid Crocodile, have you ever heard a log of wood talk?”

A fortnight later, however, Kancil forgot this incident. The dry season was not over yet and it seemed to be hotter than ever. Kancil remembered the cool, fresh river water. How wonderful it would be take a bath in it! He decidec to try his luck once again. This time there was nothing suspicious to be seen, so Kancil went to the water and drank to his heart’s content. It was very quite, and also very hot. Without thinking any further Kancil went down into the river and began to splash himself. In his delight he forgot all about danger. He pick up a dry twig that was floating by and began to beat the water with it. He made so much noise that he woke up….. who else, but old crocodile who was sleeping in the neighbourhood.

“Well, well, this seem to be my lucky day,” thought Crocodile. In a flash he shot out of his hiding place and all of a sudden. Kancil felt sharp teeth biting into one of his legs. It hurt him very much, but though he was shocked and frightened Kancil did not lose his wits. Without hesitation he dipped the dry twig into the water and in a mocking tone he said, “stupid old log of wood, do you really think you have got me? It is only a twig you have in your mouth, not my leg. Here is my leg’ catch it if you can!”

Kancil moved the twig rapidly to and in front of Crocodile’s eyes. Crocodile could not see very well in the water and above all, he really was blockhead! He believed the clever tal of the little mousedeer, released kancil’s leg and snapped his jaw on the twig. Of course, kancil did not wait one second to jump out of the water and run to the safety of the woods. Though his leg was very sore, he laughed heartily. Once more he had tricked Crocodile.

The buffalo and the monkey

A monkey wanted to cross a river to eat some bananas on the other side. Unfortunately, he did not know how to swim. He asked a buffalo to carry him across on his back.

“All right,” said the buffalo. “Jump on. I’ll swim across. There’s some very tasty grass on the other side which I would like to eat.”

So the monkey rode on the buffalo’s back across the river. When they reached the other side, the monkey jumped off. He ran to eat as many banana as he could. The buffalo was quite happy eating the long grass.

After some time, the monkey wanted to return home. He asked the buffalo to take him back. But the buffalo told him to wait a little longer as he had not yet finished eating.

The naughty monkey began to sing. He made such a loud noise that a farmer, who was working in a nearby field, came to see what was the matter. He shouted at the buffalo, “Thief! Thief! Why are you eating my grass?” he threw some stones at the buffalo.

When the farmer had gone, the monkey came out from where he had been hiding. The buffalo was holding his sore head. He had been hit by a stone.

“Oh, oh! Why did you make so much noise? If you had kept quite, the farmer wouldn’t have noticed me.”

The monkey did not know what to say.

The buffalo asked him to sit on his back to return across the river.

When they were half-way across, the buffalo said to the monkey, “I want to roll over and take a bath here.”

“Please don’t! the monkey begged. “I can’t swim.”

“That’s not my fault.” Replied the buffalo. “You like to sing and make a noise. I always like to roll over in the water. It’s so cool and pleasant and it will cure my headache.”

Without saying any more, he rolled over in the water.

Luckily, the monkey was holding on tightly otherwise he would have drowned.

When they reached the other side, the monkey jumped down from the buffalo’s back. He was very wet and frightened.

“I shall never give you trouble again.” He promised. The buffalo.

 

The Monkey and the Bird

 

Once there was a monkey. This monkey had very bad behaviour. He was lazy, greedy. Everyday he used to steal some food from other people. Even, although he had some he still did it and kept the stolen food in other place in order not to be seen. He did this because he was afraid when somebody else asked for some. Yes he was very mean. "I must add a little more so that I have a lot of food to eat", he said to himself. The food in the island where he lived was getting less and less so that he decided to cross the sea to find other island.

The following day he made a rowing boat. He cut some wood from the forest and began to make it. It was such a hard wood that he didn't intend to continue because he was lazy. Then, he tried to find some other wood. This time lie had very soft wood. It made him easy to finish his job. When the rowing boat had been ready, suddenly there was a wood pecker bird flew toward him and stood on the rowing boat. "Hi ... friend where are you going to go ... you look so busy to make a boat", the wood pecker asked. "I am going to sail to find other island the food here was getting more and more difficult to get, you may take a part in sailing, because I had enough food on boat", the monkey said. "Ok ... I'll go with you", the bird replied.

Soon they pulled the boat to the coast and loaded the monkey’s luggage and food on the boat. The loyal bird also helped the monkey. "We will find a new word, new food and new green land full of food!" the monkey said. "Yes I agree with you", the bird added. Before sailing, they had a deal. "The one who rows is allowed to eat because it is a heavy duty job, while the one in the front is not!" the monkey said boastfully.

The bird was not able to row so that it seemed loose then it became a captain in the front of the boat without enjoying the food.

The monkey didn't realize that the wood pecker bird knew the cruel intention of the monkey. The bird was disappointed.

"Damn you bad monkey ...!" the bird said to himself.

Then the bird pecked the front part of the boat. It could do it easily because the wood was so soft. In a short time the boat began to sink.

The monkey didn't know it because he enjoyed eating the food while rowing the boat. Suddenly there was a lot of water in the boat. It made the monkey so shocked that he jumped into the sea and swam difficultly to the closest island. The bird, certainly, flew away to leave him.

When he reached an island, he still never take a hint from his experience. He was still stubborn. This time he was so hungry that he was very delighted to see a cashew-fruit tree. It was full of fruits.

Later, the hungry monkey climbed up the cashew-fruit tree impatiently. The cashews looked ripe and delicious. He had counted all cashews on that tree before he ate them. No body was allowed to pick.

Some birds were coming to the tree because they liked the cashew fruits very much. They asked the monkey for the cashews but he certainly didn't permit to take and ordered the birds to look for in another island. Also, there was an owl flew toward the tree the owl wanted some fruits too but the monkey stopped and asked, "Why are you here?". "Can you share the cashews with me?" the owl asked the monkey. "Well you may take them if you can sing beautiful song", the monkey said. The bird began to sing but it was not a good song. The owl sang badly. It was impossible for an owl to sing beautifully. The monkey finally instructed the bird to go far away from the tree.

One day a canary came and asked for the something. "Hey, the kind monkey ... could you share the cashew with me?" the bird said dearly to persuade him. "Well you must sing for me nicely, first"_. the monkey replied.

The little bird now started to sing. It was such a nice song that the monkey fell asleep. What happened then? The monkey, obviously fell from the high tree and broke his legs_. He was wounded seriously and couldn't walk anymore. All the birds in the island came again to eat and enjoy the delicious cashew fruits but the monkey did nothing. He only blamed himself and finally realized his mistakes.

Kumang and the dragon story

Folktale from Borneo

In Sarawak long ago, there was a beautiful girl called Kumang. She was very hard-working and use to fish from morning to night. One day, although it was nearly time to go home, she had still caught no fish. She tried once more. When she pulled up her net, she found there was a tiny snake in it. It looked so helpless that she decided to
Folktale from Borneo
take it home with her. She placed it in a jar in the kitchen. Every day she gave it something to eat. As the weeks passed, the tiny snake grew into a large snake. Finally it changed into a dragon. As it was no longer possible to keep it in the jar, Kumang allowed to live in the house.
Folktale from Borneo

“Why do you eat so much? Asked Kumang. The dragon did not answer but only breathed fire from its mouth. “I’ve sold everything to buy food for you.” This was true. Kumang had sold all the valuable old Chinese jars which she kept in the house, as well as jewelry, clothes, and furniture. She had nothing left to sell. She wondered how she would be able to buy the dragon any more food.
Folktale from Borneo

Suddenly the dragon spoke, Kumang sat up. She had never heard the dragon speak before… “How big is your heart?” she thought it was a strange question. “It is only the size of a small leaf,” she answered. The next day, the dragon asked her the same question and received the same reply.
Folktale from Borneo

“I’ sorry,” the dragon said. “I haven’t had anything to eat for several days. I cannot wait any longer, I am so hungry. I must eat your heart.”
Folktale from Borneo

Kumang almost fainted. She lived alone. She did not know what to do. “Well” she said, “if you want to eat my heart, I shall have to give it to you. But first, please look for a piece of hollow bamboo. Then place my heart in it together with some rice and cook it over a fire. It will taste much better like that.”
Folktale from Borneo

As soon the dragon had left the house, Kumang said to her dog, “When the dragon returns, tell him I have gone out for a walk and won’t be back for an hour or so.”
Folktale from Borneo

She ran into the neighbouring rubber estate owned by her friend Danjal. She quickly climbed the tallest tree she could find. She sat on the highest branch and poured a bottle of cooking oil down the trunk of the tree.
Folktale from Borneo

Not long afterward, the dragon returned home with the bamboo. He had been running and was out of breath. He was angry when he heard what Kumang’s dog said. However, he soon followed Kumang’s footprints to the tall tree where she was hiding. He tried to climb the tree but it was too slippery. He decided to wait at the bottom of the tree. “she can’t stay up there for ever,” he thought.
Folktale from Borneo

Just a bout that time, Danjal’s friend Juara visited the estate. He heard a small voice calling out to him from the top of a tree. “Please tell Danjal to set fire to the estate. The trees are old and dry. Next year he can plant some young trees.”
Folktale from Borneo

Then he heard another sound, much deeper and very fierce, “don’t do anything of the sort. If Danjal sets fire to the trees, he’ll cause himself a lot of trouble and lose all his money.”
Folktale from Borneo

Juara was frightened. He had never heard voices like these before. One sounded like a fairy’s and the other like an evil spirit’s.
Folktale from Borneo

He ran to Danjal’s house. “What’s wrong?” asked Danjal. “You look as if you have seen a ghost.” Juara told him what had happened.
Folktale from Borneo

“If a fairy has asked me to burn down the old trees, I’m sure there must be a good reason. I always obey what fairies tell me.”
Folktale from Borneo

So they set fire to the trees. When they walked round the estate the next day, there were only burnt and blackened tree trunks to be seen. They became tired and sat down to rest on one of the tree trunks. Danjal took out his jungle knife to cut open a coconut he was carrying, as he wanted to drink the coconut juice inside. In doing so, he cut the trunk of the tree. He was surprised to see that some blood started to come out from the cut.
Folktale from Borneo

“What’s this?” he called out in fright. They soon found out that it was not a tree trunk at all but the dragon who had died in the fire!
Folktale from Borneo

Danjal then saw a strange-looking fruit shining on the top branch of s tree which was still standing. “How strange!” he cried. “A single fruit! I wonder why it was not burnt in the fire?

Juara tried to climb the tree. It was difficult as the tree trunk was covered in oil and very slippery.

At last, they got the fruit and took it home. “I’ve never seen a fruit like this before,” said Danjal. “It’s so soft and pink.”
Folktale from Borneo

He placed it on his bed while Juara and he had dinner. While they were eating their dinner, they heard someone singing a sweet song in the bedroom.

They crept in. there was a strange golden light coming from the fruit on the bed. “Close your eyes!” said a small timid voice. “And count to twenty.”
Folktale from Borneo

They did as they were told. When they opened their eyes again, the fruit had split into two. And Kumang was sitting on the bed smiling at them.

“Don’t be afraid!” she said. “Let me tell you what happened.”

After she had finished, Danbjal said to her, “You are really very lucky. It must have been a terrible nightmare for you. Anyway, now the wicked dargon is dead and won’t cause you any more trouble. But I don’t think you should live alone again. Why don’t you become my wife and live here with me?”

After a while, Kumang agreed to marry Danjal and they lived together happily even after.